Genotypic classification of colorectal adenocarcinoma. Biologic behavior correlates with K-ras-2 mutation type

Cancer ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
pp. 3827-3838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sydney D. Finkelstein ◽  
Raoulf Sayegh ◽  
Steven Christensen ◽  
Patricia A. Swalsky
2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 318-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Özgür Ekinci ◽  
Betül Öğüt ◽  
Bülent Çelik ◽  
Ayşe Dursun

Background. The presence of vessel invasion is considered indicative of a poor prognosis in many malignant tumors. We aimed to compare the sensitivity of elastin stains (van Gieson’s and orcein methods) with 2 smooth muscle markers (h-caldesmon and desmin) in gastric, pancreatic, and colorectal adenocarcinoma specimens. Materials and Methods. We used 27 (29.3%) gastric, 35 (38.0%) pancreatic, and 30 (32.6%) colorectal resection specimens. We applied a provisional classification of vessel invasion patterns: type A, a focus with a nearby artery unaccompanied by a vein; type T, a focus at the invasive front without an unaccompanied artery; and type X, foci that only appeared by any of the 4 stains used. Results. There were 369 foci. The smooth muscle markers were more sensitive than the elastin stains, and h-caldesmon more sensitive than desmin, in all types. Among the 139 type A foci, 33 (23.7%) were positive by desmin and h-caldesmon, whereas the elastin stains were not ( P = .001). h-Caldesmon was the only positive marker in 11 (7.9%; P = .011). Among the 78 type T foci, 21 (26.9%) were positive by desmin and h-caldesmon, when both elastin stains were negative ( P = .000). In 16 (20.5%) foci, h-caldesmon was the only positive marker ( P = .002). Among 152 type X foci, 91 (59.9%) were positive by all markers, 26 (17.1%) by both desmin and h-caldesmon, and 9 (5.9%) by only the 2 elastin stains ( P = .001). Conclusion. We recommend these stains for suspect foci in gastric, pancreatic, and colorectal adenocarcinoma specimens. They might highlight both predictable and unpredictable foci.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Usama Khalid Bukhari ◽  
Syed Asmara ◽  
Syed Khuzaima Arsalan Bokhari ◽  
Syed Shahzad Hussain ◽  
Syed Umar Armaghan ◽  
...  

Background: The cancer of colon is one of the important cause of morbidity and mortality in adults. For the management of colonic carcinoma, the definitive diagnosis depends on the histological examination of biopsy specimens. With the development of whole slide imaging, the convolutional neural networks are being applied to diagnose colonic carcinoma by digital image analysis. Aim: The main aim of the current study is to assess the application of deep learning for the histopathological diagnosis of colonic adenocarcinoma by analysing the digitized pathology images. Materials & Methods: The images of colonic adenocarcinoma and non neoplastic colonic tissue have been acquired from the two datasets. The first dataset contains ten thousand images which were used to train and validate the convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture. From the second dataset (Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Gland (CRAG) Dataset) 40% of the images were used as a train set while 60% of the images were used as test dataset. Two histopathologists also evaluated these images. In this study, three variants of CNN (ResNet-18, ResNet-34 and ResNet-50 ) have been employed to evaluate the images. Results: In the present study, three CNN architectures(ResNet-18, ResNet-30, and ResNet-50) were applied for the classification of digitized images of colonic tissue. The accuracy (93.91%) of ResNet-50 was the highest which is followed by ResNet-30 and ResNet-18 with the accuracy of 93.04% each. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the present study and analysis of previously reported series, the development of computer aided technology to evaluate the surgical specimens for the diagnosis of malignant tumors could provide a significant assistance to pathologists.


1983 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 581-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edoardo Berti Riboli ◽  
Giovanni Battista Secco ◽  
Gabriella Lapertosa ◽  
Carmine Di Somma ◽  
Ferdinando Santi ◽  
...  

Ninety patients underwent curative surgery for colorectal adenocarcinoma and they were followed for a period of 3 years. The aim of this retrospective study was to relate the cell differentiation (grading) and TNM classification of the UICC (1978) with the disease evaluation and patient survival. The results showed a consistent relation between grading and lymph node metastasis in patients with moderately and poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, whereas no relationship was found between grading and local invasion of the tumor. Therefore, histocytologic grading of colorectal cancer appears to significantly influence survival grading parameters, and it may be a good method for monitoring the disease and follow-up of the patients.


1966 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 21-23
Author(s):  
Y. Fujita

We have investigated the spectrograms (dispersion: 8Å/mm) in the photographic infrared region fromλ7500 toλ9000 of some carbon stars obtained by the coudé spectrograph of the 74-inch reflector attached to the Okayama Astrophysical Observatory. The names of the stars investigated are listed in Table 1.


Author(s):  
Gerald Fine ◽  
Azorides R. Morales

For years the separation of carcinoma and sarcoma and the subclassification of sarcomas has been based on the appearance of the tumor cells and their microscopic growth pattern and information derived from certain histochemical and special stains. Although this method of study has produced good agreement among pathologists in the separation of carcinoma from sarcoma, it has given less uniform results in the subclassification of sarcomas. There remain examples of neoplasms of different histogenesis, the classification of which is questionable because of similar cytologic and growth patterns at the light microscopic level; i.e. amelanotic melanoma versus carcinoma and occasionally sarcoma, sarcomas with an epithelial pattern of growth simulating carcinoma, histologically similar mesenchymal tumors of different histogenesis (histiocytoma versus rhabdomyosarcoma, lytic osteogenic sarcoma versus rhabdomyosarcoma), and myxomatous mesenchymal tumors of diverse histogenesis (myxoid rhabdo and liposarcomas, cardiac myxoma, myxoid neurofibroma, etc.)


Author(s):  
Irving Dardick

With the extensive industrial use of asbestos in this century and the long latent period (20-50 years) between exposure and tumor presentation, the incidence of malignant mesothelioma is now increasing. Thus, surgical pathologists are more frequently faced with the dilemma of differentiating mesothelioma from metastatic adenocarcinoma and spindle-cell sarcoma involving serosal surfaces. Electron microscopy is amodality useful in clarifying this problem.In utilizing ultrastructural features in the diagnosis of mesothelioma, it is essential to appreciate that the classification of this tumor reflects a variety of morphologic forms of differing biologic behavior (Table 1). Furthermore, with the variable histology and degree of differentiation in mesotheliomas it might be expected that the ultrastructure of such tumors also reflects a range of cytological features. Such is the case.


Author(s):  
Paul DeCosta ◽  
Kyugon Cho ◽  
Stephen Shemlon ◽  
Heesung Jun ◽  
Stanley M. Dunn

Introduction: The analysis and interpretation of electron micrographs of cells and tissues, often requires the accurate extraction of structural networks, which either provide immediate 2D or 3D information, or from which the desired information can be inferred. The images of these structures contain lines and/or curves whose orientation, lengths, and intersections characterize the overall network.Some examples exist of studies that have been done in the analysis of networks of natural structures. In, Sebok and Roemer determine the complexity of nerve structures in an EM formed slide. Here the number of nodes that exist in the image describes how dense nerve fibers are in a particular region of the skin. Hildith proposes a network structural analysis algorithm for the automatic classification of chromosome spreads (type, relative size and orientation).


Author(s):  
Jacob S. Hanker ◽  
Dale N. Holdren ◽  
Kenneth L. Cohen ◽  
Beverly L. Giammara

Keratitis and conjunctivitis (infections of the cornea or conjunctiva) are ocular infections caused by various bacteria, fungi, viruses or parasites; bacteria, however, are usually prominent. Systemic conditions such as alcoholism, diabetes, debilitating disease, AIDS and immunosuppressive therapy can lead to increased susceptibility but trauma and contact lens use are very important factors. Gram-negative bacteria are most frequently cultured in these situations and Pseudomonas aeruginosa is most usually isolated from culture-positive ulcers of patients using contact lenses. Smears for staining can be obtained with a special swab or spatula and Gram staining frequently guides choice of a therapeutic rinse prior to the report of the culture results upon which specific antibiotic therapy is based. In some cases staining of the direct smear may be diagnostic in situations where the culture will not grow. In these cases different types of stains occasionally assist in guiding therapy.


Author(s):  
S. Arumugam ◽  
Sarasa Bharati Arumugam

Adenoaas of the pituitary are no longer classified based on their tinctorial affinity to dyes. With the advent of the newer methods of sophisticated technology, it is now possible to classify. These depending upon the type of hormone secreted based either on histochemical techniques or on ultrastructural characteristics. The latter provides an insight into the cytoplasmic organelle morphology which offers a delightful feast to the eye as well.This paper presents the ultrastructural characters of the pituitary adenoma as seen in Madras. 171 adenomas (124 males and 47 females) were seen during 1972-1989, classified at the light microscope level as 159 chromophobe, 2 basophilic, 4 eosinophilic and 6 mixed adenomas.Ultrastructural examination showed that the sparsely granular prolactin cell adenoma is the commonest adenoma to be encountered closely followed by the growth hormone cell adenoma, null cell adenoma, the mixed cell adenoma and others.


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